Aging & its impact on cardiovascular system
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In most healthy older individuals, the cardiovascular system is adequate to meet the body’s need for both the pressure and flow of blood. However, the changes which take place in the cardio vascular system with the advent of age can be listed down as:
* Stiffening of arteries which increases systolic blood pressure.
* Decline in peripheral circulatory factors, including a decrease in muscle mass with age during exercise, a decreased ability to direct blood flow to muscles, and a decreased ability of muscle to utilize oxygen.
* Decline in aerobic exercise capacity, whether measured as total work performance or maximal oxygen consumption. In older people who maintain a high level of physical activity, however, the decline appears to be approximately half of the 10 percent per decade decrease seen in sedentary persons.
* Decline in maximal exercise rate is universally found as an age-related occurrence.
It is important to note that age-related changes in the cardiovascular system are highly non uniform. Some functions undergo a definite impairment while others tend naturally to be much better preserved. Thus, aging is by no means associated with a generalized decline in cardiovascular functions. It should instead be viewed as a complex, highly selective and individualized process.
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