Effect on aging on the reproductive system
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Deterioration of reproductive function is one of the most striking alterations tat occurs during aging. All sex hormone levels decline with age. In women, estrogen is steadily produced from puberty to midlife, with its levels dropping abruptly at menopause. Production of androgen starts to decline around the age of thirty, causing men to experience a slow and gradual decline of their sexual interest and performance- a condition referred to as andropause.
The perfect hormonal balance in each sex requires complementary levels of androgens from opposite sex; women need a bit of testosterone, and men need a bit of estrogen. Additionally, pregnenolone, as a precursor hormone from which many of the sex steroids are produced, is critical to both sexes.
The pituitary gland is responsible for releasing for releasing a set of hormones that promotes the ovaries in women and testes in men to produce sex hormones. Deterioration is attributable to a complex interplay of factors. Alterations occurring within the reproductive system and the pituitary gland, located in the brain, act to disrupt the normal release of gonadotrophins, or hormones related to the reproductive system. Age-related impairment in growth hormone secretion-hyposomatotropism- is linked to a progressive defect in growth hormone releasing hormone-producing neurons in the hypothalamus of the brain.
Also implicated in aging of the reproductive system are alterations of somatostatin-producing neurons. Doctors suggest that compounds aimed at restoring the physiologic function of the hypothalamus may be effective restorers of the failing endocrine system in aging individuals.
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